In your self- learning module, you learned the different types of Philippine form. You learned that our own poems have distinct forms. This time we will learn some types of poetry according to form that are popular around the world.
Haiku
This form of poetry originated in Japan. A haiku poem is made up of three stanzas following 5-7-5 syllable pattern. Traditionally, this piece is about nature.
Example:
An old silent pond...
A frog jumps into the pond,
splash! Silence again.
- Matsuo Basho
Quatrain
This form of poetry consists of four lines that are rhymed. This group can be a stanza in a poem.
Example:
Ah, my Belovéd, fill the Cup that clears
Today of past Regrets and future Fears:
Tomorrow!--Why, Tomorrow I may
be
Myself with Yesterday's Sev'n thousand Years.
-
From Rubaiyat by Omar Khayyam
translated by Edward Fitzgerald
Limerick
It is a poetic form composed of five lines which is humorous in nature. It follows AABBA rhyme scheme. First, second, and fifth lines rhyme together, have the same verbal rhythm and have seven to ten syllables. On the other hand, the third and fourth lines rhyme together, share the same verbal rhythm and have five to seven syllables.
Example:
There was an Old Man with a beard,
Who said, 'It is just as I feared!
Two Owls and a Hen,
Four Larks and a Wren,
Have all built their nests in my beard!'
-
A limerick written by Edward Lear
Free verse
A poem written with no regular rhyme, rhythm, and meter.
Example:
All that I love
I fold over once
And once again
And keep in a box
Or a slit in a hollow post
Or in my shoe.
-
From Bonsai by Edith Tiempo
A fourteen- line poem written following a rhyme scheme. Some types of sonnets are Shakespearean, Italian, and Spenserian.
Example:
Let me not to the marriage of true minds
Admit impediments. Love is not love
Which alters when it alteration finds,
Or bends with the remover to remove.
O no! it is an ever-fixed mark
That looks on tempests and is never shaken;
It is the star to every wand'ring bark,
Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.
Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks
Within his bending sickle's compass come;
Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks,
But bears it out even to the edge of doom.
If this be error and upon me prov'd,
I never writ, nor no man ever lov'd.
Sonnet 116 by William Shakespeare
Sources:
https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-haiku-poems.html
https://poets.org/poem/rubaiyat-omar-khayyam-excerpt
https://literarydevices.net/limerick/
https://www.familyfriendpoems.com/poem/limericks-by-edward-lear
http://malacanang.gov.ph/75487-bonsai-by-edith-tiempo/
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/45106/sonnet-116-let-me-not-to-the-marriage-of-true-minds
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